Quantum measurement precision approaches Heisenberg=20 limit
February 26, 2010 By Lisa ZygaThis illustration shows an adaptive feedback scheme = being used to=20 measure an unknown phase difference between the two red arms in the=20 interferometer. A photon (qubit) is sent through the interferometer, and = detected by either c1 or c0, depending on which arm it traveled through. = Feedback is sent to the processing unit, which controls the phase = shifter in one=20 arm so that, when the next photon is sent, the device can more precisely = measure=20 the unknown phase in the other arm, and calculate a precise phase = difference.=20 Image credit: Hentschel and Sanders.
(PhysOrg.com) -- In the classical world, = scientists=20 can make measurements with a degree of accuracy that is restricted only = by=20 technical limitations. At the fundamental level, however, measurement = precision=20 is limited by Heisenberg=92s uncertainty principle. But even reaching a = precision=20 close to the Heisenberg limit is far beyond existing technology due to = source=20 and detector limitations.
=Now, using techniques from machine learning, physicists Alexander = Hentschel=20 and Barry Sanders from the University of Calgary have recently shown how = to=20 generate measurement procedures that can outperform the best previous = strategy=20 in achieving highly precise quantum measurements. The new level of = precision=20 approaches the Heisenberg limit, which is an important goal of quantum=20 measurement. Such quantum-enhanced measurements are useful in several = areas,=20 such as atomic clocks, gravitational wave detection, and measuring the = optical=20 properties of materials.
=93The precision that any measurement can possibly achieve is limited = by the=20 so-called Heisenberg limit, which results from Heisenberg's uncertainty=20 principle,=94 Hentschel told PhysOrg.com. =93However, classical = measurements=20 cannot achieve a precision close to the Heisenberg limit. Only quantum=20 measurements that use quantum=20 correlations can approach the Heisenberg limit. Yet, devising = quantum=20 measurement procedures is highly challenging.=94
Heisenberg's uncertainty principle ultimately limits the achievable = precision=20 depending on how many quantum resources are used for the measurement. = For=20 example, gravitational waves are detected with laser interferometers, = whose=20 precision is limited by the number of photons available to the interferometer=20 within the duration of the gravitational wave pulse.
In their study, Hentschel and Sanders used a computer simulation of a =
two-channel interferometer with a random phase difference between the =
two arms.=20
Their goal was to estimate the relative phase difference between the two =
channels. In the simulated system, photons were sent into the =
interferometer one=20
at a time. Which input port the photon entered was unknown, so that the =
photon=20
(serving as a qubit) was in a superposition of two states, corresponding =
to the=20
two channels. When exiting the interferometer, the photon was detected =
as=20
leaving one of the two output ports, or not detected at all if it was =
lost.=20
Since photons were fed into the interferometer one at a time, no more =
than one=20
bit of information could be extracted at once. In this scenario, the =
achievable=20
precision is limited by the number of photons used for the measurement. =
=
As previous research has shown, the most effective quantum = measurement=20 schemes are those that incorporate adaptive feedback. These schemes = accumulate=20 information from measurements and then exploit it to maximize the = information=20 gain in subsequent measurements. In an interferometer with feedback, a = sequence=20 of photons is successively sent through the interferometer in order to = measure=20 the unknown phase difference. Detectors at the two output ports measure = which=20 way each of the photons exits, and then transmit this information to a=20 processing unit. The processing unit adapts the value of a controllable = phase=20 shifter after each photon according to a given policy.
However, devising an optimal policy is difficult, and usually = requires=20 guesswork. In their study, Hentschel and Sanders adapted a technique = from the=20 field of artificial intelligence. Their algorithm autonomously learns an = optimal=20 policy based on trial and error - replacing guesswork by a logical, = fully=20 automatic, and programmable procedure.
Specifically, the new method uses a machine learning algorithm called = particle swarm optimization (PSO). PSO is a =93collective = intelligence=94=20 optimization strategy inspired by the social behavior of birds flocking = or fish=20 schooling to locate feeding sites. In this case, the physicists show = that a PSO=20 algorithm can also autonomously learn a policy for adjusting the = controllable=20 phase shift.
As Hentschel and Sanders show, after a sequence of input qubits have = been=20 sent through the interferometer, the measurement procedure learned by = the PSO=20 algorithm delivers a measurement of the unknown phase shift that scales = closely=20 to the Heisenberg limit, setting a new precedent for quantum measurement = precision. The new high level of precision could have important = implications for=20 the gravitational wave detection.
=93Einstein=92s theory of General Relativity predicts gravitational =
waves,=94=20
Hentschel said. =93However, a direct detection of gravitational=20
waves has not been achieved. Gravitational wave detection will open =
up a new=20
field of astronomy that augments electromagnetic wave and neutrino =
observations.=20
For example, gravitational wave detectors can spot merging black holes =
or binary=20
star systems composed of two neutron stars, which are mostly hidden to=20
conventional telescopes.=94
More information: Alexander Hentschel and Barry C. Sanders. =
=93Machine=20
Learning for Precise Quantum Measurement.=94 Physical Review =
Letters 104,=20
063603 (2010). DOI:10.1103/PhysRevLett.104.063603
Copyright 2010 PhysOrg.com.
All rights reserved. This material =
may not=20
be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed in whole or part =
without the=20
express written permission of PhysOrg.com.
=
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comments: newest=20
first
- Rank: 1.8 / 5 = (5)=20
If gravitational waves are forming longitudinal = waves of=20 vacuum environment, then they cannot be detected just because of = uncertainty=20 principle - they would form just the longitudinal portion of CMB = noise, which=20 prohibits us to observe objects more exactly.
- Rank: 5 / 5 = (7)
Broglia, I'm taking quantum in college right now, =
and I have=20
no idea what are you talking about...
CMB noise is microwaves, = emitted=20 quite a while after the Big Bang, when the first stars ionized the=20 interstellar hydrogen and made the universe transparent to EM = radiation.=20 Gravitational waves and the CMB shouldn't be related at = all.
Moreover,=20 any gravity waves generated around that time would have stretched to = very long=20 wavelengths by now, making them pretty much impossible to = detect.
The=20 gravitational waves they are hoping to detect are those emitted by = black=20 holes, particularly when they coalesce (they make a big pulse). The = CMB is=20 irrelevant.
CMB noise is microwaves, = emitted=20 quite a while after the Big Bang, when the first stars ionized the=20 interstellar hydrogen and made the universe transparent to EM = radiation.=20 Gravitational waves and the CMB shouldn't be related at = all.
Moreover,=20 any gravity waves generated around that time would have stretched to = very long=20 wavelengths by now, making them pretty much impossible to = detect.
The=20 gravitational waves they are hoping to detect are those emitted by = black=20 holes, particularly when they coalesce (they make a big pulse). The = CMB is=20 irrelevant.
- Rank: 2 / 5 = (4)
..gravitational waves and the CMB shouldn't be related at = all.=20You can use the water surface model to understand the = relation=20 between light and gravitational waves. Water surface corresponds the=20 space-time, formed by vacuum foam: it's so large, just because energy = spreads=20 so slowly around in in transversal waves, which are corresponding = light waves=20 in vacuum. After then the gravitational waves are density (scalar) = waves of=20 sound, spreading through underwater. They're so weak just because = they're=20 spreading so fast. But waves faster then the surface waves cannot = behave like=20 true waves at the water surface, instead of it, they would appear like = noise.=20 This model doesn't exclude existence of harmonic waves though, in = analogy to=20 sound spreading through SOFAR channel.
This model is supported = by=20 holographic model of Universe, too. In this model Universe cannot = behave like=20 holographic projection, until speed of gravitational waves wouldn't = highly=20 superluminal.
- Rank: 2.3 / 5 = (3)=20
..any gravity waves generated around that time would have=20 stretched to very long wavelengths by now..This stance = can be=20 objected again by using of surface water wave model of space-time, = where speed=20 of transversal waves decreases with increasing frequency, while speed = of=20 longitudinal waves (which are forming analogy of GW here) behaves in = the=20 opposite way.
Again, this model is supported for example by = prof.=20 Turok/Steinhardt's cyclic cosmology, in which gravitational waves are=20 blue-shifted due to the propagation of gravity through the dimensional = manifold.
- Rank: 2.3 / 5 = (3)=20
Although this model of gravitational waves has a =
robust=20
meaning in dense aether theory, there is only subtle experimental =
evidence of=20
it. The passage of gravity waves would appear like less or more =
temporal=20
change in CMB intensity, as some events from GEO600 interferometer=20
indicate:
http://startswithabang.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/02/img=
35.gif
We=20 can compare it to our experience from underwater nuclear explosions, = where=20 passage of sound wave from underwater appears like wave of noise at = water=20 surface.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3DSHoXJuv8tDM
We=20 can compare it to our experience from underwater nuclear explosions, = where=20 passage of sound wave from underwater appears like wave of noise at = water=20 surface.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3DSHoXJuv8tDM
- Rank: 5 / 5 = (1)
The problem with detecting gravitational waves is =
that no=20
wave, as such, is actually produced. Rather, a shift in the =
gravitational=20
field equilibrium, which is not reflected (very important), will occur =
when=20
massive bodies interact in space. The process preserves that =
equilibrium. It's=20
like an ongoing, web-like action. You pull the web in a number of =
directions,=20
but no oscillating function is produced, ergo - no wave.
- Rank: 5 / 5 = (1)
..shift in the gravitational field equilibrium, which is = not=20 reflected, will occur when massive bodies interact in space..=20Maybe you're right, maybe not - but I don't see any logic = in this=20 sentence. What the "gravitational field equilibrium" is supposed to = be, for=20 example?
In general you should explain/predict unknown = phenomena by=20 using of known phenomena, not by introduction of new unknown concepts = -=20 because it just introduces tautology into such explanation.
- Rank: 5 / 5 = (1)
Why not - the derivation of the number of Kaluza =
spheres in=20
our Universe by using of well known constants is nice - but I don't =
see any=20
way, how such result could be tested.
This approach is = somewhat=20 analogous to previous post of baudrunner: you're deriving untestable = numbers=20 by using of well testable physical constants, thus increasing entropy = of human=20 understanding. After all, this is the reason, why string theory is = considered=20 a fring theory: it predicts lotta numbers, but these numbers cannot be = tested=20 so easily, being quite abstract. It lacks robust predictions at = logical=20 level.
This approach is = somewhat=20 analogous to previous post of baudrunner: you're deriving untestable = numbers=20 by using of well testable physical constants, thus increasing entropy = of human=20 understanding. After all, this is the reason, why string theory is = considered=20 a fring theory: it predicts lotta numbers, but these numbers cannot be = tested=20 so easily, being quite abstract. It lacks robust predictions at = logical=20 level.
- Rank: 1 / 5 = (3)
It would appear they are using a computer =
simulation and the=20
photon (pulse) may or may not be detected. What this tells me is that =
they=20
would be using such a small quantity of light that when it enters the =
splitter=20
and is reduced by 1/2 it may register at either detector or NO =
detector at=20
all. It is such a small pulse it would not be detected by both =
detectors=20
because if it were they would automatically assume two or more photons =
were=20
used and the pulse would be reduced in strength.
The = experiment is=20 flawed from start to finish.
The = experiment is=20 flawed from start to finish.
- Rank: not rated yet
Seneca, in an earlier post, you write "You can use =
the water=20
surface model to understand the relation between light and =
gravitational=20
waves. Water surface corresponds the space-time, formed by vacuum =
foam: it's=20
so large, just because energy spreads so slowly around in in =
transversal=20
waves, which are corresponding light waves in vacuum."
Later, = you=20 write, " ...where speed of transversal waves decreases with increasing = frequency, while speed of longitudinal waves (which are forming = analogy of GW=20 here) behaves in the opposite way."
However, light waves = travel at the=20 same speed c, regardless of their frequency or wavelength. This has = been=20 measured to be true to an arbitrary degree of precision. Please = explain.=20 (dance crazy monkey, dance!)
Later, = you=20 write, " ...where speed of transversal waves decreases with increasing = frequency, while speed of longitudinal waves (which are forming = analogy of GW=20 here) behaves in the opposite way."
However, light waves = travel at the=20 same speed c, regardless of their frequency or wavelength. This has = been=20 measured to be true to an arbitrary degree of precision. Please = explain.=20 (dance crazy monkey, dance!)
- Rank: 2.3 / 5 = (3)=20
The relativity model in light speed understanding =
was forced=20
in 1983 by introduction of SI meter unit based on the wavelength of =
krypton-86=20
light. While time unit is defined by frequency of light, it =
effectively means,=20
the light speed is invariant by its very definition (in fact isn't, =
because=20
second unit is based on radiation of cesium 133 atoms, so that =
dispersion of=20
vacuum foam still could apply here - but the differences will be =
really=20
small).
But at the moment, when we use for example iridium = prototype,=20 then the changes in light speed in vacuum emerge, because the = space-time=20 inside of matter expands faster, then the rest of Universe (space-time = inside=20 of matter is condensed). This behavior manifests itself by dilatation = and=20 evaporation of iridium kilogram and meter prototypes, for = example.
http://www.physorg.com/news64.html
http://www.physorg.com/news108836759.html
Thes= e=20 subtle phenomena render our Universe as a much more dynamic = environment, then=20 it appears at the first sight.
But at the moment, when we use for example iridium = prototype,=20 then the changes in light speed in vacuum emerge, because the = space-time=20 inside of matter expands faster, then the rest of Universe (space-time = inside=20 of matter is condensed). This behavior manifests itself by dilatation = and=20 evaporation of iridium kilogram and meter prototypes, for = example.
Thes= e=20 subtle phenomena render our Universe as a much more dynamic = environment, then=20 it appears at the first sight.
- Rank: 3 / 5 = (4)
..This has been measured to be true to an arbitrary degree = of=20 precision..Well, only locally: light speed measured = locally is=20 really invariant. But the observation of gravitational lensing means, = the=20 light propagates in different speed through lens. The relativist would = say,=20 it's because, the space-time is deformed there. But strictly speaking, = such=20 claim is just a conjecture, because the measurement of space-time = deform would=20 require to place clock into this gravitational lens. In another words, = we are=20 assuming measurement, which was never done.
Gravitational = lensing and=20 time dilatation can never occur at the same moment: when we would = visit=20 galactic cluster with clock to prove space-time deform, we would = observe, the=20 relativistic aberration would disappear, because space-time is = homogeneous at=20 the center of cluster.
This principal inconsistency in = measurements=20 brings a conceptual problem into relativity. The quite similar, just = dual=20 problem exists with quantum mechanics.
- Rank: 1 / 5 = (1)
The problem with detecting gravitational waves is that no = wave,=20 as such, is actually produced. Rather, a shift in the gravitational = field=20 equilibrium, which is not reflected (very important),..........an = ongoing,=20 web-like action. You pull the web in a number of directions, but no=20 oscillating function is produced, ergo - no=20 wave.
Massive bodies in space are a secondary=20 function, not primary. Which leads to situation where the effects of = the=20 interactions are a minimum of a full logarithmically (and=20 spherical-progressive from all individual wave interactives) = calculated=20 magnitude less.
Makes for interesting results, but the = Newtonian gross=20 calcs that Einstein used are known, even by him, to have been = incorrect.=20 (Corrected by him in 1927 via his proper inclusion of Maxwell's full = works not=20 the edited ones) to achieve a proper and working Unified Field theory, = which=20 since 1927, has slowly been buried/removed, due to it's extreme=20 ramifications.
- Rank: 1 / 5 = (1)
As far as i can tell, tho, this article is not =
about precise=20
measurement, but rather is about enforced determination from the =
superposition=20
dual wave state..to a historical point of the past.
Time is = linear, it=20 moves, according to our observation, in one direction only. The past = is locked=20 and permanent, but the future has a minimum of two indeterminate = states, which=20 are fused to the single, upon observation.., thus, in the moment, = CREATING the=20 flow of time and the past, from the 'prior' moments of=20 'indeterminacy'.
The Hitachi experiment in the 1980's proved = this. So=20 to utilize a system of measurement that attempts to do a loopback and = remove=20 the open possibility of the future and fuse it into the locked = character of=20 the past results in nothing but some bizarre form of attempting to = force=20 potentiality to a permanent state that reflects the past. ie, to erase = possibility and/or potential--- from the future.
And THAT, is = very=20 seriously messed up.
Time is = linear, it=20 moves, according to our observation, in one direction only. The past = is locked=20 and permanent, but the future has a minimum of two indeterminate = states, which=20 are fused to the single, upon observation.., thus, in the moment, = CREATING the=20 flow of time and the past, from the 'prior' moments of=20 'indeterminacy'.
The Hitachi experiment in the 1980's proved = this. So=20 to utilize a system of measurement that attempts to do a loopback and = remove=20 the open possibility of the future and fuse it into the locked = character of=20 the past results in nothing but some bizarre form of attempting to = force=20 potentiality to a permanent state that reflects the past. ie, to erase = possibility and/or potential--- from the future.
And THAT, is = very=20 seriously messed up.
- Rank: 1 / 5 = (1)
All these seemingly miraculous phenomena have their =
very=20
trivial analogy at water surface, where transversal waves are always =
affected=20
by Brownian noise. We can arrange 2D analogy of observation by using =
of pair=20
of surface wave detectors - the precision in detection of location and =
speed=20
of objects observed would be affected by this background noise in =
similar way,=20
like during observation in vacuum by CMB noise.
Such model = enables to=20 think about quantum phenomena from perspective, which is unachievable = for us,=20 because in vacuum we can use only transversal waves for observation - = the=20 gravitational waves are too weak and low distance ones for being = available for=20 more objective observations.
http://www.physorg.com/news78650511.html
Such model = enables to=20 think about quantum phenomena from perspective, which is unachievable = for us,=20 because in vacuum we can use only transversal waves for observation - = the=20 gravitational waves are too weak and low distance ones for being = available for=20 more objective observations.
- Rank: not rated yet
Particle Swarm Optimization, eh? Milkyway@Home also =
uses that=20
- they're also trying Differential Evolution, and have tried a Genetic =
search=20
in the past. I wonder if these scientists have considered those =
alternatives=20
as well?
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(this.form,this.options.loadingClassName);this.editField.disabled=3Dtrue;=
new =
Ajax.Request(this.options.loadTextURL,Object.extend({asynchronous:true,on=
Complete:this.onLoadedExternalText.bind(this)},this.options.ajaxOptions))=
;},onLoadedExternalText:function(_48){Element.removeClassName(this.form,t=
his.options.loadingClassName);this.editField.disabled=3Dfalse;this.editFi=
eld.value=3D_48.responseText.stripTags();Field.scrollFreeActivate(this.ed=
itField);},onclickCancel:function(){this.onComplete();this.leaveEditMode(=
);return =
false;},onFailure:function(_49){this.options.onFailure(_49);if(this.oldIn=
nerHTML){this.element.innerHTML=3Dthis.oldInnerHTML;this.oldInnerHTML=3Dn=
ull;}return false;},onSubmit:function(){var _4a=3Dthis.form;var =
_4b=3Dthis.editField.value;this.onLoading();if(this.options.evalScripts){=
new =
Ajax.Request(this.url,Object.extend({parameters:this.options.callback(_4a=
,_4b),onComplete:this.onComplete.bind(this),onFailure:this.onFailure.bind=
(this),asynchronous:true,evalScripts:true},this.options.ajaxOptions));}el=
se{new =
Ajax.Updater({success:this.element,failure:null},this.url,Object.extend({=
parameters:this.options.callback(_4a,_4b),onComplete:this.onComplete.bind=
(this),onFailure:this.onFailure.bind(this)},this.options.ajaxOptions));}i=
f(arguments.length>1){Event.stop(arguments[0]);}return =
false;},onLoading:function(){this.saving=3Dtrue;this.removeForm();this.le=
aveHover();this.showSaving();},showSaving:function(){this.oldInnerHTML=3D=
this.element.innerHTML;this.element.innerHTML=3Dthis.options.savingText;E=
lement.addClassName(this.element,this.options.savingClassName);this.eleme=
nt.style.backgroundColor=3Dthis.originalBackground;Element.show(this.elem=
ent);},removeForm:function(){if(this.form){if(this.form.parentNode){Eleme=
nt.remove(this.form);}this.form=3Dnull;}},enterHover:function(){if(this.s=
aving){return;}this.element.style.backgroundColor=3Dthis.options.highligh=
tcolor;if(this.effect){this.effect.cancel();}Element.addClassName(this.el=
ement,this.options.hoverClassName);},leaveHover:function(){if(this.option=
s.backgroundColor){this.element.style.backgroundColor=3Dthis.oldBackgroun=
d;}Element.removeClassName(this.element,this.options.hoverClassName);if(t=
his.saving){return;}this.effect=3Dnew =
Effect.Highlight(this.element,{startcolor:this.options.highlightcolor,end=
color:this.options.highlightendcolor,restorecolor:this.originalBackground=
});},leaveEditMode:function(){Element.removeClassName(this.element,this.o=
ptions.savingClassName);this.removeForm();this.leaveHover();this.element.=
style.backgroundColor=3Dthis.originalBackground;Element.show(this.element=
);if(this.options.externalControl){Element.show(this.options.externalCont=
rol);}this.editing=3Dfalse;this.saving=3Dfalse;this.oldInnerHTML=3Dnull;t=
his.onLeaveEditMode();},onComplete:function(_4c){this.leaveEditMode();thi=
s.options.onComplete.bind(this)(_4c,this.element);},onEnterEditMode:funct=
ion(){},onLeaveEditMode:function(){},dispose:function(){if(this.oldInnerH=
TML){this.element.innerHTML=3Dthis.oldInnerHTML;}this.leaveEditMode();Eve=
nt.stopObserving(this.element,"click",this.onclickListener);Event.stopObs=
erving(this.element,"mouseover",this.mouseoverListener);Event.stopObservi=
ng(this.element,"mouseout",this.mouseoutListener);if(this.options.externa=
lControl){Event.stopObserving(this.options.externalControl,"click",this.o=
nclickListener);Event.stopObserving(this.options.externalControl,"mouseov=
er",this.mouseoverListener);Event.stopObserving(this.options.externalCont=
rol,"mouseout",this.mouseoutListener);}}};Ajax.InPlaceCollectionEditor=3D=
Class.create();Object.extend(Ajax.InPlaceCollectionEditor.prototype,Ajax.=
InPlaceEditor.prototype);Object.extend(Ajax.InPlaceCollectionEditor.proto=
type,{createEditField:function(){if(!this.cached_selectTag){var =
_4d=3Ddocument.createElement("select");var =
_4e=3Dthis.options.collection||[];var =
_4f;_4e.each(function(e,i){_4f=3Ddocument.createElement("option");_4f.val=
ue=3D(e instanceof Array)?e[0]:e;if((typeof =
this.options.value=3D=3D"undefined")&&((e instanceof =
Array)?this.element.innerHTML=3D=3De[1]:e=3D=3D_4f.value)){_4f.selected=3D=
true;}if(this.options.value=3D=3D_4f.value){_4f.selected=3Dtrue;}_4f.appe=
ndChild(document.createTextNode((e instanceof =
Array)?e[1]:e));_4d.appendChild(_4f);}.bind(this));this.cached_selectTag=3D=
_4d;}this.editField=3Dthis.cached_selectTag;if(this.options.loadTextURL){=
this.loadExternalText();}this.form.appendChild(this.editField);this.optio=
ns.callback=3Dfunction(_52,_53){return =
"value=3D"+encodeURIComponent(_53);};}});Form.Element.DelayedObserver=3DC=
lass.create();Form.Element.DelayedObserver.prototype=3D{initialize:functi=
on(_54,_55,_56){this.delay=3D_55||0.5;this.element=3D$(_54);this.callback=
=3D_56;this.timer=3Dnull;this.lastValue=3D$F(this.element);Event.observe(=
this.element,"keyup",this.delayedListener.bindAsEventListener(this));},de=
layedListener:function(_57){if(this.lastValue=3D=3D$F(this.element)){retu=
rn;}if(this.timer){clearTimeout(this.timer);}this.timer=3DsetTimeout(this=
.onTimerEvent.bind(this),this.delay*1000);this.lastValue=3D$F(this.elemen=
t);},onTimerEvent:function(){this.timer=3Dnull;this.callback(this.element=
,$F(this.element));}};if(!Control){var =
Control=3D{};}Control.Slider=3DClass.create();Control.Slider.prototype=3D=
{initialize:function(_1,_2,_3){var _4=3Dthis;if(_1 instanceof =
Array){this.handles=3D_1.collect(function(e){return =
$(e);});}else{this.handles=3D[$(_1)];}this.track=3D$(_2);this.options=3D_=
3||{};this.axis=3Dthis.options.axis||"horizontal";this.increment=3Dthis.o=
ptions.increment||1;this.step=3DparseInt(this.options.step||"1");this.ran=
ge=3Dthis.options.range||$R(0,1);this.value=3D0;this.values=3Dthis.handle=
s.map(function(){return =
0;});this.spans=3Dthis.options.spans?this.options.spans.map(function(s){r=
eturn =
$(s);}):false;this.options.startSpan=3D$(this.options.startSpan||null);th=
is.options.endSpan=3D$(this.options.endSpan||null);this.restricted=3Dthis=
.options.restricted||false;this.maximum=3Dthis.options.maximum||this.rang=
e.end;this.minimum=3Dthis.options.minimum||this.range.start;this.alignX=3D=
parseInt(this.options.alignX||"0");this.alignY=3DparseInt(this.options.al=
ignY||"0");this.trackLength=3Dthis.maximumOffset()-this.minimumOffset();t=
his.handleLength=3Dthis.isVertical()?(this.handles[0].offsetHeight!=3D0?t=
his.handles[0].offsetHeight:this.handles[0].style.height.replace(/px$/,""=
)):(this.handles[0].offsetWidth!=3D0?this.handles[0].offsetWidth:this.han=
dles[0].style.width.replace(/px$/,""));this.active=3Dfalse;this.dragging=3D=
false;this.disabled=3Dfalse;if(this.options.disabled){this.setDisabled();=
}this.allowedValues=3Dthis.options.values?this.options.values.sortBy(Prot=
otype.K):false;if(this.allowedValues){this.minimum=3Dthis.allowedValues.m=
in();this.maximum=3Dthis.allowedValues.max();}this.eventMouseDown=3Dthis.=
startDrag.bindAsEventListener(this);this.eventMouseUp=3Dthis.endDrag.bind=
AsEventListener(this);this.eventMouseMove=3Dthis.update.bindAsEventListen=
er(this);this.handles.each(function(h,i){i=3D_4.handles.length-1-i;_4.set=
Value(parseFloat((_4.options.sliderValue instanceof =
Array?_4.options.sliderValue[i]:_4.options.sliderValue)||_4.range.start),=
i);Element.makePositioned(h);Event.observe(h,"mousedown",_4.eventMouseDow=
n);});Event.observe(this.track,"mousedown",this.eventMouseDown);Event.obs=
erve(document,"mouseup",this.eventMouseUp);Event.observe(document,"mousem=
ove",this.eventMouseMove);this.initialized=3Dtrue;},dispose:function(){va=
r =
_9=3Dthis;Event.stopObserving(this.track,"mousedown",this.eventMouseDown)=
;Event.stopObserving(document,"mouseup",this.eventMouseUp);Event.stopObse=
rving(document,"mousemove",this.eventMouseMove);this.handles.each(functio=
n(h){Event.stopObserving(h,"mousedown",_9.eventMouseDown);});},setDisable=
d:function(){this.disabled=3Dtrue;},setEnabled:function(){this.disabled=3D=
false;},getNearestValue:function(_b){if(this.allowedValues){if(_b>=3Dthis=
.allowedValues.max()){return =
(this.allowedValues.max());}if(_b<=3Dthis.allowedValues.min()){return =
(this.allowedValues.min());}var =
_c=3DMath.abs(this.allowedValues[0]-_b);var =
_d=3Dthis.allowedValues[0];this.allowedValues.each(function(v){var =
_f=3DMath.abs(v-_b);if(_f<=3D_c){_d=3Dv;_c=3D_f;}});return =
_d;}if(_b>this.range.end){return =
this.range.end;}if(_b
//
// ![]()
=09
// ![]()
//
//
=09
var objBody =3D document.getElementsByTagName("body").item(0);
=09
// create overlay div and hardcode some functional styles (aesthetic =
styles are in CSS file)
var objOverlay =3D document.createElement("div");
objOverlay.setAttribute('id','overlay');
objOverlay.onclick =3D function () {hideLightbox(); return false;}
objOverlay.style.display =3D 'none';
objOverlay.style.position =3D 'absolute';
objOverlay.style.top =3D '0';
objOverlay.style.left =3D '0';
objOverlay.style.zIndex =3D '90';
objOverlay.style.width =3D '100%';
objBody.insertBefore(objOverlay, objBody.firstChild);
=09
var arrayPageSize =3D getPageSize();
var arrayPageScroll =3D getPageScroll();
// preload and create loader image
var imgPreloader =3D new Image();
=09
// if loader image found, create link to hide lightbox and create =
loadingimage
imgPreloader.onload=3Dfunction(){
var objLoadingImageLink =3D document.createElement("a");
objLoadingImageLink.setAttribute('href','#');
objLoadingImageLink.onclick =3D function () {hideLightbox(); return =
false;}
objOverlay.appendChild(objLoadingImageLink);
=09
var objLoadingImage =3D document.createElement("img");
objLoadingImage.src =3D loadingImage;
objLoadingImage.setAttribute('id','loadingImage');
objLoadingImage.style.position =3D 'absolute';
objLoadingImage.style.zIndex =3D '150';
objLoadingImageLink.appendChild(objLoadingImage);
imgPreloader.onload=3Dfunction(){}; // clear onLoad, as IE will flip =
out w/animated gifs
return false;
}
imgPreloader.src =3D loadingImage;
// create lightbox div, same note about styles as above
var objLightbox =3D document.createElement("div");
objLightbox.setAttribute('id','lightbox');
objLightbox.style.display =3D 'none';
objLightbox.style.position =3D 'absolute';
objLightbox.style.zIndex =3D '100';=09
objBody.insertBefore(objLightbox, objOverlay.nextSibling);
=09
// create link
var objLink =3D document.createElement("a");
objLink.setAttribute('href','#');
objLink.setAttribute('title','Click to close');
objLink.onclick =3D function () {hideLightbox(); return false;}
objLightbox.appendChild(objLink);
// preload and create close button image
var imgPreloadCloseButton =3D new Image();
// if close button image found,=20
imgPreloadCloseButton.onload=3Dfunction(){
var objCloseButton =3D document.createElement("img");
objCloseButton.src =3D closeButton;
objCloseButton.setAttribute('id','closeButton');
objCloseButton.style.position =3D 'absolute';
objCloseButton.style.zIndex =3D '200';
objLink.appendChild(objCloseButton);
return false;
}
imgPreloadCloseButton.src =3D closeButton;
// create image
var objImage =3D document.createElement("img");
objImage.setAttribute('id','lightboxImage');
objLink.appendChild(objImage);
=09
// create details div, a container for the caption and keyboard message
var objLightboxDetails =3D document.createElement("div");
objLightboxDetails.setAttribute('id','lightboxDetails');
objLightbox.appendChild(objLightboxDetails);
// create caption
var objCaption =3D document.createElement("div");
objCaption.setAttribute('id','lightboxCaption');
objCaption.style.display =3D 'none';
objLightboxDetails.appendChild(objCaption);
// create keyboard message
var objKeyboardMsg =3D document.createElement("div");
objKeyboardMsg.setAttribute('id','keyboardMsg');
objKeyboardMsg.innerHTML =3D 'press esc to close';
objLightboxDetails.appendChild(objKeyboardMsg);
}
// show msg text
function ShowAlert(msg){
// prep objects
var objOverlay =3D document.getElementById('overlay');
var objLightbox =3D document.getElementById('lightbox');
var objCaption =3D document.getElementById('lightboxCaption');
var objImage =3D document.getElementById('lightboxImage');
var objLoadingImage =3D document.getElementById('loadingImage');
var objLightboxDetails =3D document.getElementById('lightboxDetails');
var arrayPageSize =3D getPageSize();
var arrayPageScroll =3D getPageScroll();
if (objOverlay) {
// set height of Overlay to take up whole page and show
objOverlay.style.height =3D (arrayPageSize[1] + 'px');
objOverlay.style.display =3D 'block';=09
// hide any previously loaded images
//objImage.src =3D '/img/warning.png';
objImage.src =3D '/img/dotted.gif';
// center lightbox and make sure that the top and left values are not =
negative
var lightboxTop =3D arrayPageScroll[1] + ( arrayPageSize[3]/2 - 100 );
var lightboxLeft =3D (arrayPageSize[0]/2 - 250);
=09
objLightbox.style.top =3D (lightboxTop < 0) ? "0px" : lightboxTop + =
"px";
objLightbox.style.left =3D (lightboxLeft < 0) ? "0px" : lightboxLeft + =
"px";
=09
objLightbox.style.width =3D '500px';
objCaption.innerHTML =3D '
//
//
//
// ' + msg + '
';
=09
objLightbox.style.display =3D 'block';
objCaption.style.display =3D 'block';
pause(500);
new Effect.Highlight('lightbox', { startcolor: '#FFFF66', endcolor: =
'#FFFFFF', restorecolor: '#FFFFFF' });
=09
// Check for 'x' keypress
Event.observe(document, 'keypress', function(event){ if(event.keyCode =
=3D=3D Event.KEY_ESC) hideLightbox();});
}
else {
if (ShowAlert.arguments[1]) alert(ShowAlert.arguments[1]);
else alert(msg);
}
return;
} =20
=20
=20
=20
function addLoadEvent_v2(func)
{=09
var oldonload =3D window.onload;
if (typeof window.onload !=3D 'function'){
window.onload =3D func;
} else {
window.onload =3D function(){
oldonload();
func();
}
}
}=09
addLoadEvent_v2(iniToolTip); // run iniToolTip onLoad
addLoadEvent_v2(initLightbox); // lighbox
------=_NextPart_000_0000_01CAD4A5.2B968EA0
Content-Type: application/octet-stream
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable
Content-Location: http://www.physorg.com/js/news_rank.js
// voting on news page
var respDiv =3D 'rank';
function rateit(newsid, rank){
var req =3D =
'/votes/?submit=3Dtrue&newsid=3D'+newsid+'&rank=3D'+rank;
if (rateit.arguments[2]) respDiv =3D rateit.arguments[2];
=09
ajax =3D new Ajax.Request(req, {method: 'get',
onCreate : function (){
$('rank').innerHTML =3D '![](3D"/img/updating.gif")
';=20
$('bottom-vote').innerHTML =3D '';=20
},
onSuccess: updatevotes });
}
function updatevotes(xmlDoc){
var rank, votes;
response =3D xmlDoc.responseXML.documentElement;
if (response.getElementsByTagName('code')[0].firstChild.data =3D=3D =
200 )
{
rank =3D response.getElementsByTagName('rank')[0].firstChild.data;
votes =3D response.getElementsByTagName('total')[0].firstChild.data;
$('rank').innerHTML =3D rank +" /5 ("+ votes + " votes)";
$('bottom-vote').innerHTML =3D rank +" /5 ("+ votes + " votes)";
$('nwvoteTp').remove();
$('nwvoteBt').remove();
}
else ShowAlert("Sorry, your request can't be processed.");
=20
return;
}
=20
function moveObject(n1, e) {=20
var posX, posY; =20
var Xoffset =3D 300; =20
var Yoffset =3D -50;
if(!e)e=3Dself.event;=20
=20
if (ns4) {=20
posY =3D window.pageYOffset + e.pageY + Yoffset;
document.n1.top =3D posY;=20
}=20
else if (ie4) {=20
posY =3D document.documentElement.scrollTop + e.clientY + Yoffset; ;
document.all[n1].style.top =3D posY;=20
}=20
else if (nn6) {=20
posY =3D e.pageY + Yoffset ;
document.getElementById(n1).style.top =3D posY +"px";
}=20
}
function ShowHint(msg){
var element =3D $('iconHint');
element.innerHTML =3D msg;
element.setStyle({display: 'block'});
}
function HideHint(){
$('iconHint').hide();
}
function addStar(newsid){
var req =3D '/addStar/?newsid=3D'+newsid;
ajax =3D new Ajax.Request(req, {method: 'get', onSuccess: updateStar =
});
}
function updateStar(xmlDoc){
var msgHtml =3D 'Oops you\'re not logged in.' + 'If you are not registered, please do so, it takes = less than 60-seconds. ' + 'If you are already registered, please login here.'; =09 var msg =3D 'Oops you\'re not logged in. If you are not registered, = please do so, it takes less than 60-seconds. If you are already = registered, please login.'; =20 response =3D xmlDoc.responseXML.documentElement; if (response.getElementsByTagName('code')[0].firstChild.data =3D=3D = 200 ) $('favImg').src =3D s_imgStar; else if (response.getElementsByTagName('code')[0].firstChild.data = =3D=3D 500 ) ShowAlert(msgHtml, msg); else ShowAlert('Sorry, your request can\'t be processed.'); } function submitFeedback(){ for (var i=3D0; i < document.storyFeedback.clear.length;i++){=20 if (document.storyFeedback.clear[i].checked) var clear =3D = document.storyFeedback.clear[i].value; if (document.storyFeedback.detail[i].checked) var detail =3D = document.storyFeedback.detail[i].value; } =09 var msg =3D document.storyFeedback.msg.value; =20 var email =3D document.storyFeedback.email.value; =20 =09 var confirm =3D 'Thank you for taking your time to send in your valued = opinion to PhysOrg.com editors.
' + 'You can be assured our editors closely monitor every feedback = sent and will take appropriate actions.' + 'Your opinions are important to us. We do not guarantee = individual replies due to extremely high volume of correspondence.'; =09 var queryString =3D 'nid=3D' + nid +'&clear=3D' + escape(clear) + = '&detail=3D' + detail +'&msg=3D' + escape(msg) + '&email=3D' + = escape(email); submit =3D new Ajax.Request('/addFeedback/', { method: 'post', parameters: queryString, onCreate: function(){ ShowAlert(confirm); } }); =20 } function createFeedback(){ ajax =3D new Ajax.Request('/addFeedback/', { method: 'get', onSuccess: function(xmlDoc){ response =3D xmlDoc.responseText; ShowAlert(response, 'Your request cannot be processed at this = moment'); } }); } function showFeeback(){ document.write('send feedback to editors'); } ------=_NextPart_000_0000_01CAD4A5.2B968EA0 Content-Type: application/octet-stream Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable Content-Location: http://www.physorg.com/js/adsense_news_page2.js function google_ad_request_done(google_ads) { var s =3D ''; var i; var goog_url =3D''; =09 if (google_ads.length =3D=3D 0) { return; } =09 s =3D '';=20 // 'Ads by google' =09 goog_url +=3D'
'; if (google_info.feedback_url) { goog_url +=3D 'Ads = by Google'; } else { goog_url +=3D 'Ads by Google';} goog_url +=3D '
' =09 if (google_ads[0].type =3D=3D "flash") { s +=3D ''; if (google_info.feedback_url) { s +=3D 'Ads by = Google'; } else { s +=3D 'Ads by Google';}=20 s +=3D '
'; s +=3D ''; } else if (google_ads[0].type =3D=3D "image") { s +=3D ''; if (google_info.feedback_url) { s +=3D 'Ads by = Google'; } else { s +=3D 'Ads by Google';}=20 s +=3D '
'; s +=3D ''; if (google_info.feedback_url) { s +=3D 'Ads by = Google'; } else { s +=3D 'Ads by Google';}=20 s +=3D '
'; s +=3D '' + '
'+google_ads[0].snippet+'
'; =09 =09 } else { if (google_ads.length =3D=3D 1) { s +=3D goog_url +''+=20 '' + google_ads[0].line1 + " " + ' - ' + google_ads[0].line2 + ' ' + google_ads[0].line3 + =20 ' - '+ '' + = =20 google_ads[0].visible_url + '' + =09 '
';=09 } else if (google_ads.length > 1) {=09 s +=3D goog_url; for(i =3D 0; i < google_ads.length; ++i) { s +=3D '
' + '' + google_ads[i].line1 + " " + ' - ' + google_ads[i].line2 + ' ' + google_ads[i].line3 + ' - '+ '' + = =20 google_ads[i].visible_url + '' + '
';=09 }=20 s +=3D ''; } } =09 if (google_ads[0].bidtype =3D=3D "CPC") { google_adnum =3D = google_adnum + google_ads.length; } =09 s +=3D'
'; =09 document.write(s); return; } // end func ------=_NextPart_000_0000_01CAD4A5.2B968EA0 Content-Type: application/octet-stream Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable Content-Location: http://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js (function(){var h=3Dtrue,i=3Dnull,j=3Dfalse,aa=3D(new = Date).getTime(),ba=3Dfunction(a){var b=3D(new = Date).getTime()-aa;b=3D"&dtd=3D"+(b<1E3?b:"M");return a+b};var = k=3Dthis,ca=3Dfunction(a,b,c){a=3Da.split(".");c=3Dc||k;!(a[0]in = c)&&c.execScript&&c.execScript("var "+a[0]);for(var = d;a.length&&(d=3Da.shift());)if(!a.length&&b!=3D=3Dundefined)c[d]=3Db;els= e c=3Dc[d]?c[d]:(c[d]=3D{})},l=3Dfunction(a){var b=3Dtypeof = a;if(b=3D=3D"object")if(a){if(a instanceof Array||!(a instanceof = Object)&&Object.prototype.toString.call(a)=3D=3D"[object Array]"||typeof = a.length=3D=3D"number"&&typeof a.splice!=3D"undefined"&&typeof = a.propertyIsEnumerable!=3D"undefined"&&!a.propertyIsEnumerable("splice"))= return"array";=0A= if(!(a instanceof = Object)&&(Object.prototype.toString.call(a)=3D=3D"[object = Function]"||typeof a.call!=3D"undefined"&&typeof = a.propertyIsEnumerable!=3D"undefined"&&!a.propertyIsEnumerable("call")))r= eturn"function"}else return"null";else if(b=3D=3D"function"&&typeof = a.call=3D=3D"undefined")return"object";return b},m=3Dfunction(a){return = l(a)=3D=3D"array"},da=3Dfunction(a){var b=3Dl(a);return = b=3D=3D"array"||b=3D=3D"object"&&typeof = a.length=3D=3D"number"},n=3Dfunction(a){return typeof = a=3D=3D"string"},ea=3Dfunction(a){a=3Dl(a);return a=3D=3D"object"||=0A= a=3D=3D"array"||a=3D=3D"function"},fa=3Dfunction(a){var = b=3Dl(a);if(b=3D=3D"object"||b=3D=3D"array"){if(a.clone)return = a.clone.call(a);b=3Db=3D=3D"array"?[]:{};for(var c in = a)b[c]=3Dfa(a[c]);return b}return a},ga=3Dfunction(a,b){var = c=3Db||k;if(arguments.length>2){var = d=3DArray.prototype.slice.call(arguments,2);return function(){var = e=3DArray.prototype.slice.call(arguments);Array.prototype.unshift.apply(e= ,d);return a.apply(c,e)}}else return function(){return = a.apply(c,arguments)}},p=3Dfunction(a,b,c){ca(a,b,c)};var = q=3Dfunction(a,b){a=3DparseFloat(a);return = isNaN(a)||a>1||a<0?b:a},ha=3Dfunction(a,b){if(a=3D=3D"true")return = h;if(a=3D=3D"false")return j;return = b},ia=3D/^([\w-]+\.)*([\w-]{2,})(\:[0-9]+)?$/,r=3Dfunction(a,b){if(!a)ret= urn b;return(a=3Da.match(ia))?a[0]:b};var ja=3Dfunction(){return = r("","googleads.g.doubleclick.net")},ka=3Dfunction(){return = r("","pagead2.googlesyndication.com")},s=3Dfunction(){return = r("","pagead2.googlesyndication.com")};var = t=3DArray.prototype,la=3Dt.forEach?function(a,b,c){t.forEach.call(a,b,c)}= :function(a,b,c){for(var = d=3Da.length,e=3Dn(a)?a.split(""):a,f=3D0;f' +=0A=
'![](3D"')
'=0A=
);=0A=
this.e_base =3D get_element('sl' + this.n_id + 'base');=0A=
this.e_slider =3D get_element('sl' + this.n_id + 'slider');=0A=
=0A=
// safely hook document/window events=0A=
if (document.onmousemove !=3D f_sliderMouseMove) {=0A=
window.f_savedMouseMove =3D document.onmousemove;=0A=
document.onmousemove =3D f_sliderMouseMove;=0A=
}=0A=
if (document.onmouseup !=3D f_sliderMouseUp) {=0A=
window.f_savedMouseUp =3D document.onmouseup;=0A=
document.onmouseup =3D f_sliderMouseUp;=0A=
}=0A=
// preset to the value in the input box if available=0A=
var e_input =3D this.s_form =3D=3D null=0A=
? get_element(this.s_name)=0A=
: document.forms[this.s_form]=0A=
? document.forms[this.s_form].elements[this.s_name]=0A=
: null;=0A=
this.f_setValue(e_input && e_input.value !=3D '' ? e_input.value : =
null, 1);=0A=
this.e_slider.style.visibility =3D 'visible';=0A=
}=0A=
=0A=
function f_sliderSetValue (n_value, b_noInputCheck) {=0A=
if (n_value =3D=3D null)=0A=
n_value =3D this.n_value =3D=3D null ? this.n_minValue : this.n_value;=0A=
if (isNaN(n_value))=0A=
return false;=0A=
// round to closest multiple if step is specified=0A=
if (this.n_step)=0A=
n_value =3D Math.round((n_value - this.n_minValue) / this.n_step) * =
this.n_step + this.n_minValue;=0A=
// smooth out the result=0A=
if (n_value % 1)=0A=
n_value =3D Math.round(n_value * 1e5) / 1e5;=0A=
=0A=
if (n_value < this.n_minValue)=0A=
n_value =3D this.n_minValue;=0A=
if (n_value > this.n_maxValue)=0A=
n_value =3D this.n_maxValue;=0A=
=0A=
this.n_value =3D n_value;=0A=
=0A=
// move the slider=0A=
if (this.b_vertical)=0A=
this.e_slider.style.top =3D (this.n_pathTop + this.n_pathLength - =
Math.round((n_value - this.n_minValue) * this.n_pix2value)) + 'px';=0A=
else=0A=
this.e_slider.style.left =3D (this.n_pathLeft + Math.round((n_value - =
this.n_minValue) * this.n_pix2value)) + 'px';=0A=
=0A=
// save new value=0A=
var e_input;=0A=
if (this.s_form =3D=3D null) {=0A=
e_input =3D get_element(this.s_name);=0A=
if (!e_input)=0A=
return b_noInputCheck ? null : f_sliderError(this.n_id, "Can not find =
the input with ID=3D'" + this.s_name + "'.");=0A=
}=0A=
else {=0A=
var e_form =3D document.forms[this.s_form];=0A=
if (!e_form)=0A=
return b_noInputCheck ? null : f_sliderError(this.n_id, "Can not find =
the form with NAME=3D'" + this.s_form + "'.");=0A=
e_input =3D e_form.elements[this.s_name];=0A=
if (!e_input)=0A=
return b_noInputCheck ? null : f_sliderError(this.n_id, "Can not find =
the input with NAME=3D'" + this.s_name + "'.");=0A=
}=0A=
e_input.value =3D n_value;=0A=
}=0A=
=0A=
// get absolute position of the element in the document=0A=
function f_sliderGetPos (b_vertical, b_base) {=0A=
var n_pos =3D 0,=0A=
s_coord =3D (b_vertical ? 'Top' : 'Left');=0A=
var o_elem =3D o_elem2 =3D b_base ? this.e_base : this.e_slider;=0A=
=0A=
while (o_elem) {=0A=
n_pos +=3D o_elem["offset" + s_coord];=0A=
o_elem =3D o_elem.offsetParent;=0A=
}=0A=
o_elem =3D o_elem2;=0A=
=0A=
var n_offset;=0A=
while (o_elem.tagName !=3D "BODY") {=0A=
n_offset =3D o_elem["scroll" + s_coord];=0A=
if (n_offset)=0A=
n_pos -=3D o_elem["scroll" + s_coord];=0A=
o_elem =3D o_elem.parentNode;=0A=
}=0A=
return n_pos;=0A=
}=0A=
=0A=
function f_sliderMouseDown (n_id) {=0A=
window.n_activeSliderId =3D n_id;=0A=
return false;=0A=
}=0A=
=0A=
function f_sliderMouseUp (e_event, b_watching) {=0A=
if (window.n_activeSliderId !=3D null) {=0A=
var o_slider =3D window.A_SLIDERS[window.n_activeSliderId];=0A=
o_slider.f_setValue(o_slider.n_minValue + (o_slider.b_vertical=0A=
? (o_slider.n_pathLength - parseInt(o_slider.e_slider.style.top) + =
o_slider.n_pathTop)=0A=
: (parseInt(o_slider.e_slider.style.left) - o_slider.n_pathLeft)) / =
o_slider.n_pix2value);=0A=
if (b_watching) return;=0A=
window.n_activeSliderId =3D null;=0A=
}=0A=
if (window.f_savedMouseUp)=0A=
return window.f_savedMouseUp(e_event);=0A=
}=0A=
=0A=
function f_sliderMouseMove (e_event) {=0A=
=0A=
if (!e_event && window.event) e_event =3D window.event;=0A=
=0A=
// save mouse coordinates=0A=
if (e_event) {=0A=
window.n_mouseX =3D e_event.clientX + f_scrollLeft();=0A=
window.n_mouseY =3D e_event.clientY + f_scrollTop();=0A=
}=0A=
=0A=
// check if in drag mode=0A=
if (window.n_activeSliderId !=3D null) {=0A=
var o_slider =3D window.A_SLIDERS[window.n_activeSliderId];=0A=
=0A=
var n_pxOffset;=0A=
if (o_slider.b_vertical) {=0A=
var n_sliderTop =3D window.n_mouseY - o_slider.n_sliderHeight / 2 - =
o_slider.f_getPos(1, 1) - 3;=0A=
// limit the slider movement=0A=
if (n_sliderTop < o_slider.n_pathTop)=0A=
n_sliderTop =3D o_slider.n_pathTop;=0A=
var n_pxMax =3D o_slider.n_pathTop + o_slider.n_pathLength;=0A=
if (n_sliderTop > n_pxMax)=0A=
n_sliderTop =3D n_pxMax;=0A=
o_slider.e_slider.style.top =3D n_sliderTop + 'px';=0A=
n_pxOffset =3D o_slider.n_pathLength - n_sliderTop + =
o_slider.n_pathTop;=0A=
}=0A=
else {=0A=
var n_sliderLeft =3D window.n_mouseX - o_slider.n_sliderWidth / 2 - =
o_slider.f_getPos(0, 1) - 3;=0A=
// limit the slider movement=0A=
if (n_sliderLeft < o_slider.n_pathLeft)=0A=
n_sliderLeft =3D o_slider.n_pathLeft;=0A=
var n_pxMax =3D o_slider.n_pathLeft + o_slider.n_pathLength;=0A=
if (n_sliderLeft > n_pxMax)=0A=
n_sliderLeft =3D n_pxMax;=0A=
o_slider.e_slider.style.left =3D n_sliderLeft + 'px';=0A=
n_pxOffset =3D n_sliderLeft - o_slider.n_pathLeft;=0A=
}=0A=
if (o_slider.b_watch)=0A=
f_sliderMouseUp(e_event, 1);=0A=
=0A=
return false;=0A=
}=0A=
=0A=
if (window.f_savedMouseMove)=0A=
return window.f_savedMouseMove(e_event);=0A=
}=0A=
=0A=
// get the scroller positions of the page=0A=
function f_scrollLeft() {=0A=
return f_filterResults (=0A=
window.pageXOffset ? window.pageXOffset : 0,=0A=
document.documentElement ? document.documentElement.scrollLeft : 0,=0A=
document.body ? document.body.scrollLeft : 0=0A=
);=0A=
}=0A=
function f_scrollTop() {=0A=
return f_filterResults (=0A=
window.pageYOffset ? window.pageYOffset : 0,=0A=
document.documentElement ? document.documentElement.scrollTop : 0,=0A=
document.body ? document.body.scrollTop : 0=0A=
);=0A=
}=0A=
function f_filterResults(n_win, n_docel, n_body) {=0A=
var n_result =3D n_win ? n_win : 0;=0A=
if (n_docel && (!n_result || (n_result > n_docel)))=0A=
n_result =3D n_docel;=0A=
return n_body && (!n_result || (n_result > n_body)) ? n_body : n_result;=0A=
}=0A=
=0A=
function f_sliderError (n_id, s_message) {=0A=
alert("Slider #" + n_id + " Error:\n" + s_message);=0A=
window.n_activeSliderId =3D null;=0A=
}=0A=
=0A=
get_element =3D document.all ?=0A=
function (s_id) { return document.all[s_id] } :=0A=
function (s_id) { return document.getElementById(s_id) };=0A=
=0A=
------=_NextPart_000_0000_01CAD4A5.2B968EA0
Content-Type: application/octet-stream
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable
Content-Location: http://www.physorg.com/js/comments.js
var lastCMT =3D '';
function UpdateFilter(val){
fltthres =3D val;
if (fltthres > 0 ) $('SliderFilter').innerHTML =3D ': ' + val;
else $('SliderFilter').innerHTML =3D ': Off';
DisplayComments();
}=20
=20
=20
function DisplayComments(){
ajax =3D new Ajax.Updater('comments', =
'/comments/?code=3DVIEW&format=3Dhtml&newsid=3D'+nid+'&sort=3D'+sort+'&fi=
lter=3D'+fltthres, {
method: 'get',
onCreate: function() {if ( $('cmThr') ) $('cmThr').innerHTML =3D =
updIMG;},
onComplete: function() {if ( $('cmThr') ) $('cmThr').innerHTML =
=3D '';}
});
PostBox();
}=09
function ChangeSort(){
sortTXT =3D '';
if (sort =3D=3D 'ASC') {
sort =3D 'DESC';
sortTXT =3D 'oldest first';
}
else{
sort =3D 'ASC';
sortTXT =3D 'newest first';
}
=09
DisplayComments();
$('sortCmnt').innerHTML =3D sortTXT;
}
function PostBox(){
var pstbx =3D '';
var lgbox =3D '' +
'
' + 'Notify me via email of follow-up comments posted here ' + '' +=20 '
';
=09
if (mid !=3D '0') {
document.getElementById('postbox').innerHTML =3D pstbx;
document.commadd.nid.value =3D nid;
if (follow =3D=3D 'on') { document.commadd.commentfollow.innerHTML =
=3D 'unsubscribe'; }
}
else {
document.getElementById('postbox').innerHTML =3D lgbox;
}
}
function SignIn(formName, handler){
var email =3D formName.email.value;
if ( email.length =3D=3D 0 ){ ShowAlert('Please enter your email!'); =
return }
var passwd =3D formName.passwd.value;
if ( passwd.length =3D=3D 0 ){ ShowAlert('Please enter your =
password!'); return } =09
var queryString =3D 'email=3D' + escape(email) + '&passwd=3D' + passwd =
+ '&status=3Dlogin';
ajax =3D new Ajax.Request('/comments/',{
method: 'post',
parameters: queryString,
onCreate: function(){$('cmPrThr').innerHTML =3D updIMG;},
onSuccess: handler
});
}=20
// comment handling
function AddComment(){
var cmnt =3D document.commadd.commenttext.value;
if ( cmnt.length =3D=3D 0 ){ ShowAlert('Please enter your comment'); =
return }
if ( cmnt.length > 1000 ){ ShowAlert('Comment text too long'); return =
}
var nid =3D document.commadd.nid.value;
var cid =3D document.commadd.cid.value;
var status =3D document.commadd.status.value; =20
lastCMT =3D cmnt;
var queryString =3D 'commenttext=3D' + escape(cmnt) + '&nid=3D' + nid =
+ '&status=3D' + status +'&cid=3D' + cid + '&sort=3D' + sort;
submit =3D new Ajax.Request('/comments/', {
method: 'post',
parameters: queryString,
onCreate: function(){
document.commadd.commentsubmit.disabled =3D true;
$('cmPrThr').innerHTML =3D updIMG;
},
onSuccess: function(respXML){
response =3D respXML.responseXML.documentElement;
if (response.getElementsByTagName('msg')[0].firstChild !=3D =
null) =
ShowAlert(response.getElementsByTagName('msg')[0].firstChild.data);
DisplayComments();
// put back last text if there was an error
if (response.getElementsByTagName('msg')[0].firstChild !=3D =
null) {
document.commadd.commenttext.value =3D lastCMT;
lastCMT =3D '';
}
// jump to first
else if (sort =3D=3D 'DESC') new Effect.ScrollTo('comments', =
{ duration: 1.0, offset: -160 });
} =09
=20
});
}
// comment editing
function GetComment(cid){
ajax =3D new Ajax.Request('/comments/?code=3DCOM&cid=3D'+cid,
{
method: 'get',
onCreate: function(){ $('cmPrThr').innerHTML =3D updIMG;
new Effect.ScrollTo('postbox', { duration: 0.5 });
},
onComplete: function() {$('cmPrThr').innerHTML =3D '';},
onSuccess: function(xmlDoc){
response =3D xmlDoc.responseXML.documentElement;
=09
if (response.getElementsByTagName('code')[0].firstChild.data =
=3D=3D '300') {
=
ShowAlert(response.getElementsByTagName('msg')[0].firstChild.data);
return ;
}
var commentTEXT =3D =
response.getElementsByTagName('comment')[0].getElementsByTagName("text")[=
0].firstChild.data;
//document.getElementById('addtitle').innerHTML =3D 'Edit =
comment';
$('addtitle').innerHTML =3D 'Edit comment';
document.commadd.cid.value =3D cid;
document.commadd.status.value =3D'edit';
document.commadd.commentsubmit.value=3D'Edit';
document.commadd.commenttext.value =3D commentTEXT;
}
});
}
function CommentReset(cid){
$('addtitle').innerHTML =3D 'New comment';=09
document.commadd.commenttext.value =3D '';=20
document.commadd.status.value =3D'New';
document.commadd.cid.value =3D '0';
document.commadd.commentsubmit.value=3D'Add Comment';=09
document.commadd.reset;
}
function ShowComment(cid){
ajax =3D new =
Ajax.Request('/comments/?code=3DCOM&format=3Dhtml&cid=3D'+cid, {
method: 'get',
onSuccess: function(xmlDoc){
response =3D xmlDoc.responseXML.documentElement;
cmTXT =3D =
response.getElementsByTagName('comment')[0].getElementsByTagName("text")[=
0].firstChild.data;
if (cmTXT !=3D ''){
$('cm_'+cid).className =3D '';
$('cm_'+cid).innerHTML =3D cmTXT;
}
}
});
}
//comment quoting
function QuoteComment(cid){
ajax =3D new Ajax.Request('/comments/?code=3DCOM&cid=3D'+cid, {
method: 'get',
onCreate: function() {$('cmPrThr').innerHTML =3D updIMG;},
onComplete: function() {$('cmPrThr').innerHTML =3D '';},
onSuccess: function(xmlDoc){
response =3D xmlDoc.responseXML.documentElement;
cmTXT =3D =
response.getElementsByTagName('comment')[0].getElementsByTagName("text")[=
0].firstChild.data;
if (cmTXT !=3D '') {
document.commadd.commenttext.value =3D '[q]' + cmTXT + =
'[/q]\r\n' + document.commadd.commenttext.value;
new Effect.ScrollTo('postbox', { duration: 0.5 });
}
}
});
}
=09
=09
=09
// Rank handling=20
function RateComment(cid, rank){
=09
ajax =3D new =
Ajax.Request('/comments/?code=3DRATE&cid=3D'+cid+'&rank=3D'+rank, {
method: 'get',
onCreate: function(){$('rate-' + cid).hide();
$('rk-' + cid).innerHTML =3D updIMG;=09
},
onSuccess: DisplayRank
});
} =20
function DisplayRank(xmlDoc){
response =3D xmlDoc.responseXML.documentElement; =20
if (response.getElementsByTagName('msg')[0].firstChild !=3D null) {
ShowAlert(response.getElementsByTagName('msg')[0].firstChild.data);
return;
}
var cid =3D =
response.getElementsByTagName('comment')[0].getElementsByTagName('cid')[0=
].firstChild.data;
var rank=3D =
response.getElementsByTagName('comment')[0].getElementsByTagName('rank')[=
0].firstChild.data;=09
var votes=3D =
response.getElementsByTagName('comment')[0].getElementsByTagName('votes')=
[0].firstChild.data;=09
$('rk-' + cid).innerHTML =3D FormatRank(rank, votes);=20
=09
}
// fstlog
function SignInComments(xmlDoc){
response =3D xmlDoc.responseXML.documentElement; =09
=09
if (response.getElementsByTagName('msg')[0].firstChild !=3D null) {
ShowAlert(response.getElementsByTagName('msg')[0].firstChild.data);
return;
} =20
if (response.getElementsByTagName('mid')[0].firstChild !=3D null) {
mid =3D response.getElementsByTagName('mid')[0].firstChild.data;
}=09
DisplayComments(); =20
PostBox();
}
// flag comment
function FlagComment(cid){
var alertBox =3D 'Report this comment as spam, offensive or =
inappropriate?'+
'Please register = or sign in to add a = comment. ' + 'Registration is free, and takes less than a minute. Read more
' + ''+
'Sign in with
' +
'' + =09
'Forgot your password? Click =
here to reset it.
' + 'Notify me via email of follow-up comments posted here ' + '' +=20 '
' + ''; ShowAlert(alertBox,'Thank you. Moderator will review your report and = remove this post if inappropriate.');=20 } function SendFlag(cid){ ajax =3D new Ajax.Request('/comments/?code=3DFLAG&cid=3D' + cid, { method: 'get', onSuccess: function(xmlDoc){ response =3D xmlDoc.responseXML.documentElement; =20 if (response.getElementsByTagName('msg')[0].firstChild !=3D = null) { = ShowAlert(response.getElementsByTagName('msg')[0].firstChild.data); } } =09 }); } // follow comments function FollowComments(){ var queryString =3D 'status=3Dfollow' +'&nid=3D' + nid; ajax =3D new Ajax.Request( '/comments/', { method: 'post', parameters: queryString, onCreate: function() {$('cmPrThr').innerHTML =3D updIMG;}, onComplete: function() {$('cmPrThr').innerHTML =3D '';}, onSuccess : FollowAdd }); } function FollowAdd(xmlDoc){ response =3D xmlDoc.responseXML.documentElement; =20 =09 if (response.getElementsByTagName('code')[0].firstChild.data =3D=3D = '200'){ document.commadd.commentfollow.innerHTML =3D 'unsubscribe'; follow =3D 'on'; } if (response.getElementsByTagName('code')[0].firstChild.data =3D=3D = '300'){ document.commadd.commentfollow.innerHTML =3D 'subscribe'; follow =3D ''; } if (response.getElementsByTagName('code')[0].firstChild.data =3D=3D = '400') ShowAlert('Sorry, your request can\'t be processed'); } // max comment length function maxLength(textarea, maxLen){ if (textarea.value.length > maxLen) textarea.value =3D = textarea.value.substring(0,maxLen); document.getElementById('cmChCnt').innerHTML =3D (maxLen - = textarea.value.length); } // supplemental function FormatRank(rank, votes){ if (rank =3D=3D 0) return 'not rated yet'; var txt =3D rank + '/5 after ' + votes; if ( votes > 1 ) return txt + ' votes'; else return txt + ' vote'; } function hideVoting(divID) {=20 if (document.getElementById) {=20 document.getElementById(divID).style.visibility =3D 'hidden';=20 }=20 else {=20 if (document.layers) { // Netscape 4=20 document.divID.visibility =3D 'hidden';=20 }=20 else { // IE 4=20 document.all.divID.style.visibility =3D 'hidden';=20 }=20 }=20 } ------=_NextPart_000_0000_01CAD4A5.2B968EA0 Content-Type: application/octet-stream Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable Content-Location: http://www.physorg.com/func/flv/swfobject.js /**=0A= * SWFObject v1.5: Flash Player detection and embed - = http://blog.deconcept.com/swfobject/=0A= *=0A= * SWFObject is (c) 2007 Geoff Stearns and is released under the MIT = License:=0A= * http://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php=0A= *=0A= */=0A= if(typeof deconcept=3D=3D"undefined"){var deconcept=3Dnew = Object();}if(typeof = deconcept.util=3D=3D"undefined"){deconcept.util=3Dnew = Object();}if(typeof = deconcept.SWFObjectUtil=3D=3D"undefined"){deconcept.SWFObjectUtil=3Dnew = Object();}deconcept.SWFObject=3Dfunction(_1,id,w,h,_5,c,_7,_8,_9,_a){if(!= document.getElementById){return;}this.DETECT_KEY=3D_a?_a:"detectflash";th= is.skipDetect=3Ddeconcept.util.getRequestParameter(this.DETECT_KEY);this.= params=3Dnew Object();this.variables=3Dnew = Object();this.attributes=3Dnew = Array();if(_1){this.setAttribute("swf",_1);}if(id){this.setAttribute("id"= ,id);}if(w){this.setAttribute("width",w);}if(h){this.setAttribute("height= ",h);}if(_5){this.setAttribute("version",new = deconcept.PlayerVersion(_5.toString().split(".")));}this.installedVer=3Dd= econcept.SWFObjectUtil.getPlayerVersion();if(!window.opera&&document.all&= &this.installedVer.major>7){deconcept.SWFObject.doPrepUnload=3Dtrue;}if(c= ){this.addParam("bgcolor",c);}var = q=3D_7?_7:"high";this.addParam("quality",q);this.setAttribute("useExpress= Install",false);this.setAttribute("doExpressInstall",false);var = _c=3D(_8)?_8:window.location;this.setAttribute("xiRedirectUrl",_c);this.s= etAttribute("redirectUrl","");if(_9){this.setAttribute("redirectUrl",_9);= }};deconcept.SWFObject.prototype=3D{useExpressInstall:function(_d){this.x= iSWFPath=3D!_d?"expressinstall.swf":_d;this.setAttribute("useExpressInsta= ll",true);},setAttribute:function(_e,_f){this.attributes[_e]=3D_f;},getAt= tribute:function(_10){return = this.attributes[_10];},addParam:function(_11,_12){this.params[_11]=3D_12;= },getParams:function(){return = this.params;},addVariable:function(_13,_14){this.variables[_13]=3D_14;},g= etVariable:function(_15){return = this.variables[_15];},getVariables:function(){return = this.variables;},getVariablePairs:function(){var _16=3Dnew Array();var = key;var _18=3Dthis.getVariables();for(key in = _18){_16[_16.length]=3Dkey+"=3D"+_18[key];}return = _16;},getSWFHTML:function(){var = _19=3D"";if(navigator.plugins&&navigator.mimeTypes&&navigator.mimeTypes.l= ength){if(this.getAttribute("doExpressInstall")){this.addVariable("MMplay= erType","PlugIn");this.setAttribute("swf",this.xiSWFPath);}_19=3D"